System Design Concepts

HTTP, DNS, Load Balancing, and Transport Protocols

Strategies for Handling Growing Workloads

Data Replication Strategies and Consistency

Data Partitioning and Sharding Techniques

Hash Functions and Probabilistic Data Structures

Traffic Control and Throttling Algorithms

Distributing Load Across Multiple Servers

Database Storage and Indexing Mechanisms

Indexes, RDBMS internals, SQL vs NoSQL, Redis, Cassandra, S3, and time-series

ACID Properties and Isolation Levels

Distributed Consensus Algorithms

Additional System Design Concepts