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      • Design Patterns
        • Creational Patterns
          • Singleton Pattern
        • Structural Patterns
          • Adapter Pattern
          • Composite Pattern
          • Decorator Pattern
          • Facade Pattern
          • Proxy Pattern
        • Behavioral Patterns
          • Observer Pattern
          • Chain Of Responsibility
          • Command
          • Iterator
          • Mediator
          • Memento
          • State
          • Strategy
          • Template
          • Visitor
      • System Design Concepts
        • CAP Theorem
        • Database Replication
          • Master Slave Replication
          • Consistency Models
          • Replication Lag
          • Multi Leader Replication
          • Replication Implementations
        • Misc
          • Checksum
          • Messaging Server
          • Teminology
        • Rate Limiting
          • Token Bucket Algorithm
          • Leaking Bucket Algorithm
          • Fixed Window Algorithm
          • Leaking Bucket Algorithm
        • Transactions
          • Database Anomalies
          • Isolation Levels
        • Database Partitioning
          • Secondary indices
          • Rebalancing Partitions
        • Database Clustering
        • Hashing
          • Bloom Filter
          • Counting Bloom Filter
          • Invertible Bloom Filter
        • Networking
          • TCP vs UDP
          • DNS
          • Reverse Proxy vs Forward Proxy
          • HTTP/1.1
          • Load Balancing
          • HTTP/2
          • HTTP/3 and QUIC
          • HTTP Evolution
          • HTTP Status Codes
          • HTTP Headers
          • CDN
          • WebSockets vs Long Polling vs SSE
          • REST vs gRPC vs GraphQL
        • Storage & Databases
          • Database Indexes
          • LSM Trees
          • Columnar Storage
          • RDBMS Internals
          • Hash Index
        • Consensus
          • Two Phase Commit
      • Graph Theory
        • Dijkstra's Algorithm
        • Problems
          • Cycle in Directed Graphs
        • Search
          • Breadth First Search
          • Depth First Search
        • Topological Sorting
        • Travelling Salesman Problem
      • Low-Level-Designs
        • Logger Framework
        • Blocking Queue
        • Distributed Unique ID Generator
        • Meeting Scheduler
        • Search Framework
      • Machine-Learnings
        • _index
          • gradient-descent
      • System-Designs
        • Ad Click Event Aggregation
          • Digital Advertising Terminology
          • High Level Design
          • Ingestion Deep Dive
          • Streaming Deep Dive
          • Storage Deep Dive
        • Real-time Leaderboard System
          • High Level Design
          • Deep Dive
      • CAP Theorem
      • Database Replication
        • Master Slave Replication
        • Consistency Models
        • Replication Lag
        • Multi Leader Replication
        • Replication Implementations
      • Misc
        • Checksum
        • Messaging Server
        • Teminology
      • Rate Limiting
        • Token Bucket Algorithm
        • Leaking Bucket Algorithm
        • Fixed Window Algorithm
        • Leaking Bucket Algorithm
      • Transactions
        • Database Anomalies
        • Isolation Levels
      • Database Partitioning
        • Secondary indices
        • Rebalancing Partitions
      • Database Clustering
      • Hashing
        • Bloom Filter
        • Counting Bloom Filter
        • Invertible Bloom Filter
      • Networking
        • TCP vs UDP
        • DNS
        • Reverse Proxy vs Forward Proxy
        • HTTP/1.1
        • Load Balancing
        • HTTP/2
        • HTTP/3 and QUIC
        • HTTP Evolution
        • HTTP Status Codes
        • HTTP Headers
        • CDN
        • WebSockets vs Long Polling vs SSE
        • REST vs gRPC vs GraphQL
      • Storage & Databases
        • Database Indexes
        • LSM Trees
        • Columnar Storage
        • RDBMS Internals
        • Hash Index
      • Consensus
        • Two Phase Commit
      System Design Concepts
      Networking

      Networking

      TCP vs UDP
      Handshake, flow control, congestion control, TIME_WAIT, SYN flood, and why QUIC chose UDP
      DNS
      Resolution chain, record types, TTL, GeoDNS, load balancing, failover, and security
      HTTP/1.1
      Message structure, keep-alive, pipelining, and HOL blocking
      HTTP/2
      Binary framing, multiplexing, HPACK, and server push
      HTTP/3 and QUIC
      QUIC streams, 0-RTT, connection migration, and QPACK
      HTTP Evolution
      Protocol comparison, practical implications by client type, and CDN/proxy termination
      HTTP Status Codes
      Complete reference for 1xx–5xx status codes
      HTTP Headers
      Request, response, security, and caching headers
      CDN
      Edge caching, pull vs push, cache invalidation, origin shield, and video streaming
      WebSockets vs Long Polling vs SSE
      Protocol comparison, scaling stateful connections, and when to use each
      REST vs gRPC vs GraphQL
      Wire format, streaming patterns, caching tradeoffs, and decision guide