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      • Design Patterns
        • Creational Patterns
          • Singleton Pattern
        • Structural Patterns
          • Adapter Pattern
          • Composite Pattern
          • Decorator Pattern
          • Facade Pattern
          • Proxy Pattern
        • Behavioral Patterns
          • Observer Pattern
          • Chain Of Responsibility
          • Command
          • Iterator
          • Mediator
          • Memento
          • State
          • Strategy
          • Template
          • Visitor
      • System Design Concepts
        • CAP Theorem
        • Database Replication
          • Master Slave Replication
          • Consistency Models
          • Replication Lag
          • Replication Implementations
          • Read Replicas & Replication Lag
        • Database Clustering
        • Multi Leader Replication
        • Distributed Systems
          • CAP Theorem
          • PACELC
          • Consistency Models
          • Idempotency & Exactly-Once Semantics
          • Distributed Locking
          • Leader Election
          • Gossip Protocol
          • Quorum Reads & Writes
          • Saga Pattern
          • Outbox Pattern
          • Logical Clocks
          • Multi-Region Design & Geo-Replication
        • Consensus & Coordination
          • Two-Phase Commit (2PC)
          • Raft Consensus
        • Networking
          • TCP vs UDP
          • DNS
          • Reverse Proxy vs Forward Proxy
          • HTTP/1.1
          • Load Balancing
          • HTTP/2
          • HTTP/3 and QUIC
          • HTTP Evolution
          • HTTP Status Codes
          • HTTP Headers
          • CDN
          • WebSockets vs Long Polling vs SSE
          • REST vs gRPC vs GraphQL
        • Storage & Databases
          • Database Indexes
          • B+ Tree
          • LSM Trees
          • Columnar Storage
          • Hash Index
          • RDBMS Internals
          • SQL vs NoSQL Decision Framework
          • Key-Value Stores (Redis)
          • Wide-Column Stores (Cassandra)
          • Document Stores (MongoDB)
          • Object Storage (S3)
          • Time-Series Databases
          • Consistent Hashing
          • Bloom Filters & HyperLogLog
          • Caching Patterns
          • Cache Eviction
          • Hot-Key / Hotspot Problems
          • Full-Text Search
        • Scaling
          • Database Sharding
      • Graph Theory
        • Dijkstra's Algorithm
        • Problems
          • Cycle in Directed Graphs
        • Search
          • Breadth First Search
          • Depth First Search
        • Topological Sorting
        • Travelling Salesman Problem
      • Low-Level-Designs
        • Logger Framework
        • Blocking Queue
        • Distributed Unique ID Generator
        • Meeting Scheduler
        • Search Framework
      • Machine-Learnings
        • _index
          • gradient-descent
      • System-Designs
        • Ad Click Event Aggregation
          • Digital Advertising Terminology
          • High Level Design
          • Ingestion Deep Dive
          • Streaming Deep Dive
          • Storage Deep Dive
        • Real-time Leaderboard System
          • High Level Design
          • Deep Dive
      • CAP Theorem
      • Database Replication
        • Master Slave Replication
        • Consistency Models
        • Replication Lag
        • Replication Implementations
        • Read Replicas & Replication Lag
      • Database Clustering
      • Multi Leader Replication
      • Distributed Systems
        • CAP Theorem
        • PACELC
        • Consistency Models
        • Idempotency & Exactly-Once Semantics
        • Distributed Locking
        • Leader Election
        • Gossip Protocol
        • Quorum Reads & Writes
        • Saga Pattern
        • Outbox Pattern
        • Logical Clocks
        • Multi-Region Design & Geo-Replication
      • Consensus & Coordination
        • Two-Phase Commit (2PC)
        • Raft Consensus
      • Networking
        • TCP vs UDP
        • DNS
        • Reverse Proxy vs Forward Proxy
        • HTTP/1.1
        • Load Balancing
        • HTTP/2
        • HTTP/3 and QUIC
        • HTTP Evolution
        • HTTP Status Codes
        • HTTP Headers
        • CDN
        • WebSockets vs Long Polling vs SSE
        • REST vs gRPC vs GraphQL
      • Storage & Databases
        • Database Indexes
        • B+ Tree
        • LSM Trees
        • Columnar Storage
        • Hash Index
        • RDBMS Internals
        • SQL vs NoSQL Decision Framework
        • Key-Value Stores (Redis)
        • Wide-Column Stores (Cassandra)
        • Document Stores (MongoDB)
        • Object Storage (S3)
        • Time-Series Databases
        • Consistent Hashing
        • Bloom Filters & HyperLogLog
        • Caching Patterns
        • Cache Eviction
        • Hot-Key / Hotspot Problems
        • Full-Text Search
      • Scaling
        • Database Sharding
      System Design Concepts
      Scaling

      Scaling

      Database Sharding
      Hash, range, and directory sharding strategies, resharding, and cross-shard operations